主谓搭配（换主语）
中文是以主语展开的语言，英语是以谓语展开的语言。
换主语有三种方法：
主语过长且句子中又出现了偏正短语，则取偏做主语
中国的海洋资源十分丰富。
原始主语：指最原来的主语，中国的海洋资源
主语 7 个字，谓语 2 个字，不平衡语言
取主语之中的一部分作为新的主语
China’s marine resources are very rich. 中文式翻译
China is rich in marine resources. 平衡式语言
Petrol has a low boiling point.
汽油的沸点低
汽油的沸点：主语，偏正结构，中译英需要改正结构
1．合营企业的形式为有限责任公司。
An equity joint venture shall take the form of a limited liability company.结构对称
The form of an equity joint venture is a limited liability company. 中式翻译，不对称
2．合营者的注册资本如果转让必须经过各方同意。
英式中文：如果合营者要转让其注册资本，那么这件事必须经过各方同意。
中译英要补充代词，consent：抽象名词
If any of the joint venture wishes to assign its registered capital, it must obtain the consent of the other party to the venture.
3．合营企业所需要的原材料、燃料、配套件等，应尽先在中国购买，也可由合
营企业自筹外汇，直接在国际市场上购买。
尽先译为动词，购买译为名词。adv+ v 时，可以将副词译为动词，动词译为名
词。
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials, fuels, auxiliary equipment, etc., an equity joint venture should give first priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.
4.合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。
英式中文：合营企业【主语】办理【状语】其有关外汇事宜【宾语】，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例【状语】。
注意主语中的“的”，主语是长偏正短语，所以取偏作主语。
An equity joint venture shall handle its foreign exchange transactions in accordance with the regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China.
5. 合营企业的一切活动应当遵照中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关条例的规定
（省略了“来进行”）。
“的规定”之中的“的”，管前边的法律、法令、有关条例
An equity joint venture shall engage in all activities in accordance with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
6.鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。（无主语句：增主语、被动语态换主语）
An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products outside
China.
7．鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。（需要考虑将谁变成主语）
就近原则，找离谓语动词最近的那个名词作为主语
存入：deposit
A foreign joint venturer shall be encouraged to deposit in the Bank of China the foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.
8. 正副总经理（或正副厂长）由合营各方分别担任。（寻找隐藏主语）
由：表被动语态
“（s）”：表示可能有一个，可能有多个，准确。
正副总经理是人，人是不能被担任的。正副总经理（的职位）
The offices of general manager and vice-general manager(s) (or factory manager and deputy manager(s)) shall be assumed by the respective parties to the venture.
9.出口产品可由合营企业直接或与其有关的委托机构向国外市场出售，也可通过
中国的外资机构出售。
由表被动
法律类文献一般有通用主语：An equity joint venture
可：一般用 may
An equity joint venture may sell its export products on foreign markets directly or through associated agencies or China’s foreign trade agencies.
10.合营各方发生纠纷，董事会不能解决时，由中国的仲裁机构进行调解或仲裁，也可由合营各方协议 在其他仲裁机构仲裁。
找主要谓语动词：仲裁
如何找寻隐藏主语：先找谓语，划分层次。“纠纷”被仲裁
主谓结构偏正译法：合营各方所发生的纠纷
Disputes arising between the parties to an equity joint venture which board of directors has failed to settle through consultation may be settled through conciliation and arbitration by an arbitration agency of China or through arbitration by another arbitration agency agreed upon by the parties.
总结：找寻主语的三种办法：
偏正短语取偏作主语
无主语句可以增主语或被动语态
通过动词找隐藏的合适主语